One Danish word. Two Chinese words. Only one of them belongs in church.

Omskærelse is a single word in Danish, and circumcision is a single word in English. In Chinese it is not. There is the word for what a surgeon does, and there is the word Chinese Bibles use. A tool that swaps each word for its nearest match will hand your congregation the first one, in the middle of Romans 2, and nobody in the room will tell you.

The medical word and the biblical word are not the same word.

Danish uses one word for both. So does English. Chinese keeps them apart, and so does the person reading. This is the single most useful thing to understand about putting Chinese on a screen in a church.

Look each piece up, put it back together, hope.

The ordinary sense of the Danish word is the operation. That is the sense a dictionary offers first, and a word for word engine has no reason to prefer another. Your guest reads a sentence about a surgical procedure in the middle of a passage about the heart. It is somewhere between confusing and offensive, and it arrives with your name on it.

Work out what the sentence is doing, then say it.

Paul is not discussing surgery. He is making a figure about the heart, and Chinese has had a settled word for that since Chinese Christians have had Bibles. Our own run produced 割禮, the word in the passage, and set 聖靈 beside it rather than any of the other things Ånden can mean.

Omskærelse

A surgical procedure

The sign of the covenant, and in Romans a figure about the heart

割禮

Ånden

A mood, a frame of mind, a bottle of spirits

The Holy Spirit

聖靈

Kødet

Meat, at a butcher

Human nature set against the Spirit, in Galatians 5

情慾

Nåde

Leniency, shown by somebody in charge

Grace

恩

Frelst

Rescued, pulled out of a river

Saved

得救

Nobody puts a hand up in the middle of a sermon. A guest who reads the wrong word in their own language does not correct you. They decide, quietly, that this church did not think about them.

This is our own output. Unedited.

Six Danish lines, chosen because each one breaks a word for word engine, were run into every language at once, the way a real room runs. Four of the Chinese ones are below, copied exactly. If you read Chinese, read them. If you do not, show them to somebody who does before you believe anything on this page.

Omskærelsen er ikke den ydre på kroppen, men hjertets omskærelse ved Ånden.

割禮不是在身體外面的,乃是心裡藉著聖靈所受的割禮。

割禮 is the word the passage uses, not the word a hospital uses. 乃是 belongs to the register of Scripture rather than to everyday speech.

Og Ånden faldt over dem alle sammen, og de begyndte at tale på andre sprog.

聖靈降在他們眾人身上,他們就開始說起別國的話來。

聖靈, the Holy Spirit. Ånden on its own could have become a mood or a drink. 降 is the verb Chinese uses of the Spirit coming down, not a general word for falling.

Lad os ikke gå over åen efter vand. Svaret står lige her i teksten.

我們不要捨近求遠。答案就寫在這段經文裡。

A Danish saying about crossing the stream to fetch water became a Chinese four character phrase that means exactly that: giving up what is near to chase what is far. Word for word it would have been a puzzling sentence about a river.

Af nåde er I frelst ved tro, og det skyldes ikke jer selv, det er Guds gave.

你們得救是本乎恩,也因著信,這不是出於自己,乃是神的恩賜。

This is close to the wording a Chinese Christian recites from memory. Somebody who grew up in a Chinese church recognises the sentence before they have finished reading it.

Danish in, Chinese out, through the same path a live room uses. Not a demonstration assembled for this page.

Chinese does not put spaces between words.

That sounds like a detail until it is on a screen. A line of Chinese can break almost anywhere, so a caption laid out for English will break in places that make a reader stop and go back.

Simplified or Traditional is a decision, not a detail.

One language, two ways of writing it. Readers on the mainland and in Singapore grew up with Simplified. Readers from Taiwan, Hong Kong and much of the older community abroad grew up with Traditional. Many people manage both. Nobody should have to.

Ask, do not guess

A Chinese speaking congregation in Europe is usually mixed, because the people in it arrived from different places at different times. The honest way to settle it is to ask the people who will be reading, then set it for the room.

Cantonese is a separate choice

If the person you have in mind speaks Cantonese, give them Cantonese rather than assuming Chinese covers it. In MulingStream it can be spoken from the stage, read as captions and heard as a voice, on its own.

Writing is not speech

Which characters somebody reads says nothing about what they speak, and the other way round. Two people can read the same caption and speak differently at home. Set the script for reading, and the voice separately.

We checked this rather than assuming it. We ran the same Romans line asking for both settings, one after the other, and got back the same sentence in each script: 割礼不在于身体外面的记号, 而在于借着圣灵在心里的割礼。 for Simplified, and 割禮不在於身體外面的記號, 而在於藉著聖靈在心裡的割禮。 for Traditional. Same meaning, same biblical vocabulary, each written the way its readers read. Set it once for your room and it stays set.

The Union Version set the words, and they stayed set.

For most Chinese speaking churches, the sound of Scripture is the sound of the Union Version. Its vocabulary is what Chinese Christians hear as church language, in the way the King James still shapes what English speakers expect a verse to sound like.

你們得救是本乎恩,也因著信,這不是出於自己,乃是神的恩賜。

Ephesians 2:8, as our own run produced it

A translation can be accurate and still sound wrong. Reach for modern reporting vocabulary and the passage reads like a news item about the Bible instead of the Bible. 恩典, 得救, 聖靈: these have a settled weight, and getting them right is most of what makes a Chinese speaker relax into a sermon rather than work at it.

If your community uses particular wording, for people, places or your own vocabulary, put it in Keywords and it will never be guessed at.

What Chinese can do in MulingStream today

Three different questions, and Chinese answers yes to all three. Not every language does, which is why the list says so plainly.

Spoken from the stage

Your speaker can preach in Chinese and the room follows in every other language it needs. Chinese is one of the 81 languages that can be the source, not only a destination.

Read as captions

Chinese captions on the phone already in your guest's pocket. No app, no account, no setup at the door. It is one of 182 languages that can be read.

Heard as a voice

For anybody who would rather listen than read, and for the person whose eyes are not what they were, Chinese is one of the 81 languages that can be heard as a natural voice through an earbud.

The first Sunday somebody Chinese walks in

You do not need a plan. You need about a minute, and to have decided one thing in advance.

Questions people ask about Chinese

Do I have to choose between Simplified and Traditional?

Yes, and it is better that you choose than that a default chooses. Simplified is what most people who arrived recently from the mainland read. Traditional is what readers from Taiwan and Hong Kong, and many long settled families abroad, grew up with. Ask the people who will be reading, then set it once for the room.

Is this Mandarin?

When Chinese is heard as a voice, yes, it is Mandarin. When it is read as captions, written Chinese is shared far beyond Mandarin speakers, which is why the choice that matters for reading is Simplified against Traditional rather than which spoken variety somebody uses at home.

What if somebody speaks Cantonese?

Give them Cantonese. It is its own entry in MulingStream and it can be spoken from the stage, read as captions and heard as a voice. Handing a Cantonese speaker Mandarin because both are called Chinese is the same kind of mistake this page is about.

How do I know the church words are right, when I cannot read a word of it?

You do not, on your own. That is why the real output is printed on this page rather than described. Show it to a Chinese speaker in your congregation and ask them one thing: does this sound like church. Then open a room and ask the same question about your own sermon.

Can somebody preach in Chinese and have the rest of the room follow?

Yes. Chinese can be the language spoken from the stage as well as one of the languages listened to. A visiting speaker preaches in Chinese and everybody else reads or hears their own language at the same time.

Other languages worth a page of their own

Each of these has something in it that changes what a translation has to decide before it can say anything at all.

Or read how the translation itself works, in Smart Translation.

Try it on your own sermon, not on ours.

Nothing to install, no card, and your guests need nothing but the phone in their pocket. After that a church can pay per gathering: a Service Pass for one gathering, a Day Pass for the whole day, a Week Pass for seven days, and a pass never expires.

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